Sometimes you pause the test



This morning I tested one of our newcomers who recently moved from Guatemala. 

She is in first grade. 

As I pointed to images of animals and body parts, she quietly thought, clearly reaching into the depths of her brain to come up with the word, then shook her head each time I asked "what is this?" because she didn't know the English words. 

As we began the section where she needs to repeat what I say, she started off okay, repeating "good morning" and trying to repeat "I'm hungry." Then, when I got to some phrases with 4-6 words, she hesitated and tears began to form in her eyes.

She felt like a failure.

I could have just continued on with the test given that I had a lot of other things to do and it was pretty clear that she was struggling.  Sometimes we feel like these tests are just something we have to to get through. But, I saw this little human, feeling badly and I had to stop. 

I looked at her and in my best Spanish, I told her that I know this is hard, but that it's okay because she is just starting to learn English. I acknowledged what she was feeling and then...

She blew me away.

She told me she actually speaks two languages in Guatemala...Spanish and K'iche'. So, English is actually her THIRD language and she is just six years old. She shared that she still has family living in Guatemala and has two cousins locally, one that attends our school. We talked about which family members speak which languages and I told her that when I moved to Germany I didn't understand anybody and I also felt bad about it, but little by little I learned. 

When we resumed the test, she read several words in English! At that point I told her very enthusiastically that I think she is the smartest girl in the world because she can speak two languages already AND she can read words in English. 

And she smiled. 

Really big. 

When we got to the section where I read a story accompanied by 4 images and then asked her to retell what happened, she retold the story in entirely in Spanish. I wrote down "response in Spanish" on the answer sheet because an answer with no English words gets a 0. Then, I reconsidered. 

She is not a 0. 

I told her I wanted to write down all of the words she said, but since I would be writing in my second language I needed her to speak slowly. She ever so slowly enunciated each word, stretching them out into syllables so I could write it all down.

ma-ri-po-sa
za-pa-to

We came to a word that I didn't know so I asked her what it meant and she explained it so that I understood it meant barefoot. I took off my ballet flat and pointed to my bare foot and she nodded. I asked her if she might want to be a teacher when she grows up because she's was very patient with me and she said yes, she might like that. 

This entire interaction made me think about the purpose of assessment. 

I could have told you prior to administering this test that she would be a beginner, but giving this test was an opportunity.

An opportunity to build a relationship.

An opportunity to make a worried child understand she is not alone.

An opportunity to make a sweet student smile.

An opportunity to learn a new word in Spanish.

An opportunity to learn more about a student new to our school. 

An opportunity to inspire a future teacher. 

After this interaction, I excitedly shared with several colleagues about how special this girl is. I thought a lot about Emily Francis and her story. I thought about so many other stories I've read or heard from students who felt so alone and felt badly about themselves when they first came to the U.S. and didn't know English yet. 

I really hope that today becomes part of this girl's story. I hope that when she thinks about her first week at school she remembers me and what I said. I hope she realizes how much power there is in being multilingual and how SMART she is. 

I hope she knows.

Engage

One element we focus on in teaching is keeping students engaged. 

Engagement is huge. 

For #EllChat_BkClub on Twitter, we are currently reading the book EL Excellence Every Day by Tonya Ward Singer, which includes an entire section called "Engage" that offers valuable information on keeping learners, particularly English learners, engaged. 

Tonya breaks engagement down like this: 


  • Interest-Wow. This is fascinating. I love this! Cool.
  • Sense of purpose-I want to learn this because I understand why it is important.
  • Relevance-This is relevant to me. I see myself in this goal.
  • Connection-This reminds me of...This is similar to...
  • Choice-I choose this book because...I want to write about...I want to create...
  • Curiosity-I wonder....? What will happen if...?
  • Self-efficacy-I know I can do this. To move closer to that goal, I'll try...

I want to take a moment to flip the context. 

Let's talk about professional development. 

I would argue that engagement is just as significant when it comes to teachers in the role of learners. 

But, how often do experience interest, a sense of purpose, relevance, connection, choice, curiosity, and/or self-efficacy when it comes to our PD? Surely, it's different for everyone across different contexts, districts, states, even countries. The extent of our engagement may shift depending on the time of the year, the topic at hand, what is happening in our personal lives, our group of students and many other factors. 

But ultimately, are we more engaged or disengaged when it comes to PD that is provided to us within our contexts? 

Are we recharged and motivated by our colleagues or drained by negativity and the "one more thing" mentality that overtakes the authentic desire to learn?  

Are we subjected to one-size-fits-all when it comes to the latest initiative we learn about or are we flying our own plane when it comes to our personal and professional development? 

I recently read the book Future Driven by David Geurin and some of my favorite quotes were: 

"Don't expect your school to own your personal growth."

and
"Ultimately, it is your responsibility to be a learner."

I love these sentiments because they really embody what I think about professional development. 

I want to be fully engaged in my own learning and that necessitates the same things Tonya focuses on with regards to student learning. 

Interest
Sense of purpose
Relevance
Connection
Choice
Curiosity
Self-efficacy

 I am not at all intending for this to be a shameless plug for #EllChat_BkClub, but I truly think our little book chat has gained popularity because it represents these elements of engagement. 

We have a sense of purpose because we are focusing on professional knowledge and skills that will best contribute to the success of our students. 

Not any students, but OUR students. 

The ones who we share our classroom with daily. 
The ones we pour ourselves into
The ones who are on our minds constantly
who sometimes keep us up at night
bring us tears of sadness, joy, pride
who are the reasons we do what we do
who are our WHY

There's relevance for you!

We feel engaged because we are choosing to be part of this phenomenal PLN.

We are interested because we are choosing what we learn about and what books we read.

We feel connected because we are surrounded with greatness, enthusiasm, and a thirst for knowledge that is often found within one another.

We are curious to learn about the experiences of other teachers, leaders, and coaches in settings that are different than our own. 

Sometimes when I speak highly of Twitter as a resource for professional development, I get questioning looks.

Really? 

Twitter? 

Sure...

But, it's just the truth. 

Truth: Most of the people in my PLN are people I have never met. 

Truth: Many of the people in my PLN are people I never will meet. 

Yet, 

Truth: They are my Tribe. 

I have called them on the phone for advice. 

I have texted with them. 

 I have asked for their feedback on my writing. 

I have presented with them at conferences.

I have shared ideas and stories with them. 

I have collaborated with them.

I have done virtual hangouts with them.

Most importantly, I have learned a great deal from them. 

The connection is there and that contributes so much to my sense of purpose and self-efficacy in my role as an ELD teacher. 

This little book chat has truly rocked my world in terms of my personal and professional growth. 


"Ultimately, it is your responsibility to be a learner."

We are taking that responsibility very seriously. 

For the sake of our students, our schools, our colleagues, and each other...

We are changing the face of PD and it's incredible. 




Let's do this. 

#BetterTogether 

That's Why

I have recently been inspired by several of my colleagues on Twitter (shout out to Justin Garcia and Dr. Chris Tennyson) to start blogging.

But the thing is...this blog isn't new.

It's actually been around since 2008 or 2009 when I was a first grade teacher. I named my blog Sneaker Teacher because my husband was working for a well known sports company, and consequently, I had a pretty rocking collection of sneakers. (During rainbow week, when my students learned the colors, I sported a different pair of kicks daily to match the color of the day.) My husband's job took us to Germany, where I worked as a K-12 Support Services (SPED) teacher for a year at the Franconian International School before returning to the U.S. to continue my doctoral work. When I moved back from Germany, I was reassigned as a Kindergarten teacher and joined the ranks of Kindergarten teacher bloggers. I taught Kindergarten and blogged about it for five years.

Blogging was part of my identity.

In 2012, I had my first daughter and went from a full-time Kinder teacher to a part-time Kinder teacher. Kindergarten was half-day back then so it worked out really well. In 2014, I had my second daughter and continued as a part-time Kinder teacher until the state of Oregon decided to make Kindergarten full-day state wide. Wanting to balance my teaching job with my new role as a mom of two, I wanted to continue working part-time, which didn't mesh well with the state's decision. Part-time positions are not allowed in Kindergarten, so I advocated to move into the role of English Language Development Specialist. I had gotten my ESOL endorsement along with my master's degree in SPED back when I first started teaching, so I figured why not. If it would help me stay part-time, then it was the right job for me. Unfortunately, after transitioning into the new role, my time for blogging took a hit, but something else incredible happened.

I was unaware of the true impact the new role would have (and dare I say the impact I would have).

 Now that you know the condensed history of my teaching career, let's get to it...

 ... 

 I have a confession to make. I can confidently say that I am ashamed of this little piece of my history, but I'll share it anyway.

 When I first moved out to Oregon and started looking for a teaching job in 2005, I actually looked up school demographics in order to apply to schools where most of the kids were White. If you know me at all, you're probably thinking that doesn't really sound like me. Yet, at the time, the White kids were all I knew. I grew up in a small town in Connecticut and we didn't have ESL or ELD programs. I can't recall anyone I went to school with who was learning English as a second language and our student population didn't have much diversity. There were very few, if any, students of color, and privilege was abundant. When I attended Villanova University, my teacher prep courses didn't really address the fact that students would not be white and privileged. Seriously. I did my student teaching in an affluent school filled with White children and when I graduated, I wanted to have a classroom just like that.

 In my subsequent equity related professional development, one of the phrases I learned was "we don't know what we don't know" and that is exactly how I would attempt to excuse my intentions from that point in time. I didn't know. I didn't know the value in diversity because I had not experienced it. So, I avoided it. It's hard to even write that. But, it's the truth.

Things happen for a reason though because I didn't get hired at any of those predominantly White schools I applied to. Instead, I took a job as a Head Start Pre-school teacher in a bilingual program for migrant families. Pretty much the polar opposite of what I had been looking for. And you know what?

It changed my life.

 It was that experience that made me realize how much I love working with English learners. It was that experience that made me realize there is so much to be learned from people who have lived experiences quite different from our own. It was that experience that gave me the desire to pursue an ESOL endorsement in the first place. I wanted to be sure that when I did get a job in an elementary school, I would be able to meet the needs of my ELs. But even after getting my ESOL endorsement, I still failed my English learners because I didn't believe in them. I thought I did, but looking back I realized I didn't believe in them the same way I do now. I felt bad when they couldn't do the work, so I lowered my expectations because I didn't want to hurt their feelings. I didn't correct them because I didn't want them to feel bad. I loved them. But I did them a disservice.

 Looking back, I realize that we are all on the path to becoming the best educators we can be. We certainly don't start out as rockstars. We try our best with the resources we have, but we all make mistakes. So, we learn. We grow. We try something new. We make more mistakes. Ultimately, we find our place. We solidify our beliefs. We come to understand our purpose and who we are and who we need to be.

 I guess my goal in reviving this blog is that I hope to be a voice that connects with teachers like my former self, teachers who are still finding their way, and also teachers who are on my page and want to continue their journey towards being the best they can be. Many of you reading this likely know me from Twitter, where I am a well known book hoarder book lover. I read because I never want to stop learning. I never want to stop growing into the best educator I can be.

Why?

Because of Randy.

And Saul.

Alejandra, Andrea, Enrique, Chelsea, Ernestine, Ian, Evelyn... the list goes on.

That's why.

As you read the names of my students, surely you're thinking of some of your own.

Past and present.

It's about them.

We do this for them.

So, I want to write again. I want to reflect, and discuss, and inspire.

I hope you'll join me.

It's Almost November...

...and I'm posting for the first time since school started.

Lame, I know.

No excuses, just on to the good stuff.

I LOVE my new job.

LOVE!

I am teaching in a way that I haven't taught since I was a student teacher.

I am creating units, coming up with my own materials, and connecting with students.

#amazing

If you don't recall (since it's been an eternity since I posted), I am now an English Language Development Specialist. I'm still working part-time and my schedule worked out so that I teach groups for students in Kinder through Grade 3. I also push in to Kindergarten for a 30 minute block each day.

Here's the lowdown on what we're working on:

Kinder/First-Friendship unit: Students are working on story retelling and I created a graphic organizer (based off of others I saw online) to use in the app StoryKit so students can retell the story verbally using the organizer before they write about it. I LOVE picking out the books I use and finding common themes that thread throughout.





Heidi's song about the parts of a story is a must!

        

Second Grade-Community Unit: Students are learning about places in the community, the difference between wants and needs, and they are creating a book in the app Book Creator about places in the community. I also came up with a community song set to the tune of Everything is Awesome.



Third Grade-Jobs Unit: My Third Graders are learning about jobs. They are working on writing a letter to someone who does the job they are interested in. I have contacted most of the letter recipients in advance and they have all kindly agreed to write back to my students! We worked on the different between open-ended and closed questions and they started peer editing today!

I also wrote a "Work Nae Nae" embedded with key vocabulary that we practice on the daily. 


Sometimes I feel like I am flying by the seat of my pants, but I love that my instruction is connecting to students and it's based on what we've done not just on a prefabricated scope and sequence. 

How is your year going so far? 


Wall Space

This morning I worked in my new classroom for a bit. Aside from the mess that is hidden behind the closet doors, the room really doesn't need all that much more work. 






It doesn't look like much, but I got the walls covered today so they are ready for student work.

Unlike in years past, I really think I am going to start the year without any posters/visuals on the walls. I've been pouring over my new book on culturally responsive teaching and the brain and the final chapter discusses how to create a culturally responsive environment for learning. 

The author's message:

Think carefully about what visuals are displayed on the walls.

They send a non-verbal message about what and who is valued in the classroom. 

Rather than prepackaged "multicultural" bulletin board cut-outs or standard ethnic "heroes" posters, find authentic cultural elements that add real value to the classroom.

I am really taking this to heart this year.

I want to authentically create a working and learning environment that represents my students. Therefore I want the walls to be covered in their photos and their work.

While I definitely love me some super cute TPT purchases, I am holding off for now and keeping the canvas clean. 

I'm going for "minimalist, yet relevant."

In no way am I trying to be a Debbie Downer, but I am kind of over seeing so many classrooms that are decorated to the gills and theme-based. To each their own, but given my new role, it has just really been on my mind that my students should be able to look around the room and feel as though they are represented, not inundated with tons of thematic chotchkies. 

Also, this article mentions how children actually learn better in classrooms that are not as heavily decorated. 

So, this year, the beauty of the room will emerge slowly and unfold as I get to know my students and what's important to them. 

I do like bright colors and no, my walls are not completely bare, but it's a lot less "decorated" than in prior years. 

What's your classroom style? Are you a fabulous decorator or a minimalist? 

Summer Reading-Part 1

Now that my assessment course has come and gone, I finally have some free time to enjoy some summer reading. I previously posted about two books that were on my summer reading agenda, but I ended up reading a third book that I am excited to talk about. 





For the past few years, my personal bible on culturally responsive practices has been Geneva Gay's Culturally Responsive Teaching


I recently came across another great resource that is a very teacher friendly guide to culturally responsive practices.  


What's new about Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain is pretty evident in the title. This text connects the research on culturally responsive instruction with "cutting-edge neuroscience research" which is really impactful and interesting. 

I majored in Psychology at Villanova University, so the content of this book brings me back to those days of learning about neural pathways, dendrites, axons, and myelination. I remember writing my first cover letters for education jobs after graduation and trying to leverage my degree in psychology by mentioning how connecting new content to students' background knowledge resulted in the activation of more neurons and therefore increased the likelihood students would remember the new content. 

It's been awhile since I have actively studied the brain or research on brain functioning, so this book has been very interesting to read. 

"Neural pathways are important because when we go back and forth along this pathway when thinking or problem solving, it helps drive new learning deeper into long-term memory until it becomes automatic or deeply understood."

I think the idea of background knowledge is pretty basic to teachers, yet the idea of funds of knowledge is more specific to the literature on culturally responsive instruction. We don't just need to have access to what students have experienced, we also need to understand their cultural knowledge and ways of thinking and learning in order to ensure that we are not putting forth culturally biases curriculum and assessment. When we fail to truly relate to students or activate their prior knowledge/background knowledge/cultural knowledge, they are certainly at a disadvantage in remembering the content due to the way in which the brain connects new information to already stored information. 

Another key point is that strong memories are highly charged by emotion because of the way that the brain responds to emotional experiences (particularly emotionally negative experiences). Our brain utilizes the fight or flight function and the stress hormone cortisol then inhibits all other cognitive functions such as learning, problem solving or creative thinking. 

What this means for teachers is that we need to put forth our best effort to connect with students. 

"Too often though, we ignore the quality of our interactions with students and instead focus primarily on the curriculum."

I am guilty of this....anyone else? 

"In culturally responsive teaching, the relationships are as important as the curriculum."

I have read Geneva Gay's work extensively and I have even published a few articles myself on the topic of culturally responsive instruction. I know how important it is to build relationships with students in order to generate trust, but reading specifically about how these relationships affect the brain is fascinating! 

"Neuroscience tells us the brain feels safest and relaxed when we are connected to others we trust to treat us well."

The brain will certainly be more productive and ready to learn when being flooded with feel-good Oxytocin rather than stress-induced Cortisol! 

The book's author, Zaretta Hammond also identifies 6 principles she calls 
"Culturally Responsive Brain Rules"

1. The brain seeks to minimize social threats and maximize opportunities to connect with others in community. 
2. Positive relationships keep our safety-threat detection system in check.
3. Culture guides how we process information.
4. Attention drives learning.
5.All new information must be coupled with existing funds of knowledge in order to be learned.
6. The brain physically grows through challenge and stretch, expanding its ability to do more complex thinking and learning.

I have not quite finished reading this book, but I plan to do so as soon as I am done writing this post. I think the concept of culturally responsive instruction is definitely worth reading up on, but this book in particular has been very informative and motivating.